Air valve vacuum control



Dec, 3 *HIS W. D. GRANNAN ET Al.

AIR VALVE VACUUM CONTROL Filed Nov. so, 193e V Patented Dec. 3, 1940 UNITED .STATES i 2,223,821 AIR vALvE VACUM ooNTTtoL William D. Grannan and Winton J. Kelly, Flint,

Mich., assignors to Borg-Warner Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application November 30, 1938, Serial No. 243,148

2 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engine fuel governors of the type responsive to air velocity and vacuum, and particularly to a governor of this class especially adapted for con- 5. trolling the output of a Diesel type of pump.

ISB

It is an object of this invention to provide a sensitive air velocity and vacuum responsive valve adapted to be located in the air inlet to an internal combustion engine for governing purposes.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a velocity and vacuum responsive governor for controlling the quantity of fuel introduced into an internal combustion engine which governor is sensitive to slight variations in the speed of the engine.

It is a further object to provide a governor of the present type that is sensitive at high speeds to small changes in speed when making the transition from one load to another, for example, from full load to no load, as when passing over the crest of ahill. 4

A still further object is to provide a governor of the present type which is effective to control the maximum speed of the engine in response to f the'air velocity and vacuum.

Still another object is a provision of a valve of the present type which is both responsive to the air velocity and independently manually operable.

The above and other objects, advantages and uses of my invention Will become more apparent from the reading of the following specification and claims taken in connection with the appended, drawing which form part of this specification and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing a preferred embodiment of our invention as applied to the control of a Diesel type of pump;

Fig. 2 is a plan View partially in section, taken substantially on the line 2--2 of Fig. l with the air cleaner removed and showing to advantage our novel arrangement of resilient means for urging `the butterfly valve to the open position against the closing effect of the inrushing air; as Well as our novel lost motion connection for effecting independent manual operation of the butterfly valve.

Fig. 3 is an elevation partially in section showing to still further advantage our improved lost motion connection for effecting independent operation of the butterfly valve; and

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detailed section taken substantially on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3.

Referring in further detail to the gures of the drawing, an internal combustion engine of the Diesel type is indicated generally at Ill and is arranged to be supplied with fuel by pump II delivering through conduit I2 and injectors I3 to the respective cylinders of the engine.

The pump II may be of any well known type (CL 12S-140) driven in timed relation with the operation of the motor through shafts I4 and I5 under the control of manual lever I6. The control mechanism for regulating the output of the pump II may take any of the well known forms and since the particular form employed does not constitute vpart ofthe present invention, the same will not be described in detail, being merely indicated gen'- erally at Il. The regulating mechanism is indicated as including the usual reciprocable rack I8 attached at one end to a vacuum responsive diaphragm I9 for operation thereby and associated at its other end'with means (not shown) for regulating the quantity of output of the pump. Compression spring 2i! urges the diaphragm I9 and rack I8 to the right in Fig. 1 with a predetermined force and diaphragm I9 is effective to produce the opposite direction of movement of the rack I8 `in opposition to the pressure of the spring 20 under special conditions that will now` be described. The arrangement thus far disclosedis well known and no claim thereto except in combination with the following will be made herein,

Az'r velocity and manually operated vacuum I `control 'valve Our novel construction of valve mechanism for controlling the vacuum eiective to operate the diaphragmlS will now be described. Located `in air inlet conduit 22 below air cleaner 23, is a butterfly valve 24. The low pressure side of conduit 22 below butterfly valve 24 is connected to the vacuum responsive diaphragm I9 through conduit I2a. 'Ihis butterfly valve is eccentrically mounted on shaft 25 extending transverse to the air inlet conduit 22 and having its ends or trunnion portions journalled in 'the walls of said conduit. The trunnion portion 26 of shaft 25 extends through the wall of conduit 22 and into a cylindrical housing 2l for cooperation with a ,force of `spring 28 and is locked in position by lock nut 32. Plate 3l, as well as locking nut 32, is formed appropriately for cooperation with suitable tools for effecting their rotation. Thus, the torsion spring may beA made to exert any desired resistance to the closing of valve 24 in response to the force exerted thereupon by the inrushing air.

The opposite trunnion portion 34 of shaft 25 is extended through the wall of air inlet conduit 22 and provided with a special arrangement of means for effecting the manual operation of valve 24 while at the same time not affecting the automatic operation thereof. Trunnion portion 34 has mounted thereon, a yoke member 35 fastened thereto as by means of a pin 36 and formed with a pair of diverging yoke arms 31 and 38. Shaft 35 is formed with a reduced stepped portion 3 9 forming a shoulder 4i). Received on portion 39 is a sleeve 4I having a 'flange 42 abutting shoulder 4i). Mounted on sleeve '4I abutting flange 42 is a yoke operating member indicated generally at 4.3 and including va plate-supporting a pin 44 extending between said yoke arms 31 and 38 and having an inturned portion 45 cooperating with adjustable screws 46 and 41 for defining 'the limits of arcuate'move'ment of the yoke oper- `ating member 43. Also mounted on `sleeve 4| is ai Vmanually operated lever 48 held tightly against yoke operating'memb'er 43 and 'flange '42 by means of lock nut 4 9. l

It will 'thus be seen vthat valve 24 is free to lmove toward the closed position'iin response to the force of the inrushing air independently of 'the position of the manually actuated lever 48, since, when the valve'24 is actuated, 'the yoke arms'riE and 33 are free tomoverelative to pin 44 withoutthe necessity ofthe manual level 48 also being operated. On the other hand, if it is desired to move the valve 24 towards Vthe closing position in opposition to the'spring`28 by `means ofthe rnanu'allyactuated lever 48, then yoke arm `3'1"up`on`being'brought'into contact with 'pin 44, 'will eectftherotation'of shaft 25 and the possible movement of valve "24 toward the closed position.

The above 'described novel 'arrangement of valve' 24 'together with the vmeans for controlling the operation thereof, provides avery sensitive and effective means of controlling the application of vacuum to diaphragm I9 which in turn controls the output of wpump l l. It will be readily seen that when airis being drawn into the manifold through the conduit 22, there will be a drop in pressure b'elowthe valve 24 due to the restriction of the passage by the valve and that there -will be a force exerted on the valve in proportion to the air iiow through the conduit. By Aeccentrically mounting valve 24 on shaft 25 and placing the same under'the control of torsion spring '28, 'as disclosed, 'the'spring 28'can be adjusted to give a balanced condition for valve 24 for a desired velocity of air flow as indicated generally in Fig. "3. 'If thevelc-city of air ilow suddenly goes above that for which the torsion spring 28 is set, as for example, when the speed of the motor increases, "then Vthejv'al've 24 will move away 'from its'balanc'ed vpositiontoward its closed position and the Vvacuum on the underside thereof will be made to rise'with the result that diaphragm I9 is drawn `to vthe left, `'thus effecting a reduction in the amount o'f fuel delivered to the engine and hence reducing its speed. 1t will be noted,v that the component of force tending toclose valve 24 increases rapidly with the movement of the valve in the Vclosed direction, since,` as the valve moves toward the `closed position the air pressure acts more 'nearly at right angles to the surface of the valve.

lWhile we have disclosed our invention inconnection-with the specific embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that this is by way of illustration, since other equivalent forms coming within our invention may be employed. Our invention is therefore defined by the appended claims, the scope of which should be determined by the prior art.

We claim:

V1. In a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, a fuel pump for delivering predetermined quantities of fuel for the respective cylinders of said engine, said pump being provided with vacuum responsive means for controliling the same to determine the quantity of fuel theclosing direction independent of said manual means in respon-se to the occurrence of a predetermined velocity of air through said conduit, and a vacuum connection between the low pressure side of said valve and said vacuum responsive means whereby to control the quantity of fuel delivered by said pump in accordance with the vacuum below said valve in said air inlet conduit.

2i. AIn a fuel feeding system for an internal combustion engine, 'a fuel pump for delivering predetermined quantities of fuel for the respective cylinders of the engine, said pump being provided with vacuum responsive means for 'controlling the same to determine the quantity of fuel delivered thereby, means deiining'an air-inlet conduit for said engine valve means in said inlet conduit for controlling the admission Vof 'air thereto, a vacuum connection between-the low pressure side of said valve `means and said vacuum responsive means whereby to control the quantity of fuel delivered by said pump in accordance with the vacuum below the valve in said air inlet conduit, said valve means comprising a butterfly type valve, a shaft extending transversely of said conduit having its end'portions journalled in the side wall of -said conduit and eccentrically supporting said-butterfly valve, a cylindrical housing about one end of said shaft, a helical torsion spring positioned coaxially of said shaft within said housing having one end connected with said shaft and the other end connected with an adjusting plate adapted to be clamped in place within said housing for holding said torsion spring in a predetermined state of adjustment, locking means for'locking said adjusting plate-in place, a-yoke carried on the opposite end of said shaft, a lever pivoted on said shaft `adjacent said yoke -andhaving means protruding therefrom into said yoke whereby said lever is moved about the axis of said shaft' said means engages one side of said yoke to move said valve against the resilient urging effect of said torsion spring and whereby said valve-is 4free to move independently of said lever when-the velocity of the air rushing past this valve is suciently-great to overcome the resilient urging eifectof said torsion spring.

WILLIAM D. GRANNAN.

W. J.KELLY. 

